Major types include:
- Polyurethane (PU) Foam: Flexible or rigid, used for insulation, seating, and packaging.
- Polyethylene (PE) Foam: Lightweight and moisture-resistant (e.g., HDPE, LDPE).
- Expanded Polyethylene (EPE) Foam: Shock-absorbing, used in protective packaging.
- Polystyrene (PS) Foam: Includes EPS (expanded) and XPS (extruded) for insulation.
- Melamine Foam: Fire-resistant and sound-absorbing.
- Specialty Foams: Silicone, fluoropolymer, or aerogel-based for extreme conditions.